This study compared verbal learning and memory of survivors of pediatric brain tumor treated with either XRT (n = 29) or PRT (n = 51) using neuropsychological testing on the frequency of encoding, retrieval, and intact memory profiles over one year following radiotherapy. The test results revealed that encoding and retrieval deficits were more common in the XRT group than the PRT group. This study reported overall PRT was associated with verbal memory sparing, driven by effective encoding and use of learning strategies.