This study by the NCC group Korea reported results of PBT as an initial treatment for 46 treatment-naïve hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. With a median follow-up of 56.5 months, this study reported the 5-year freedom from local progression (FFLP), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) rates were 92.7%, 43.3%, and 69.2% respectively. Tumor stage and ALBI grade were independent factors for PFS and OS. The authors concluded that PBT could result in comparable OS in treatment-naïve HCC patients to other the recommended first-line treatments which are surgical resection, ablative treatments including RFA, and liver transplantation for BCLC 0 or A patients and TACE for BCLC B patients, for which the reported 5-year OS rates are 70–90% for BCLC 0 patients, 50–70% for BCLC A patients, and 25–40% for BCLC B patients.