A study by the research group in Prague. Two hundred patients with early-stage prostate cancer were treated with IMPT on extreme hypofractionated schedule (36.25 GyE in five fractions), including 93 patients (46.5%) of low-risk, 107 patients (53.5%) intermediate-risk and 29 patients (14.5%) who had neoadjuvant hormonal therapy.

With the median follow-up time of 36 months, this study reported acute toxicity was GI (grade) G1-17%, G2-3.5%; GU G1-40%, G2-19%; and no G3 toxicity was observed; late toxicity was GI G1-19%, G2-5.5%; GU G1-17%, G2-4%; and no G3 toxicity was observed. PSA relapse was observed in one patient (1.08%) in the low-risk group and in seven patients (6.5%) in the intermediate-risk group.

This study concluded that extreme hypofractionated PBT for prostate cancer is feasible with a low rate of acute toxicity and promising late toxicity and effectivity.