This study compared post-RT neurocognitive outcomes including cognitive outcomes, behavioral outcomes, and overall intelligence for 49 pediatric patients treated with XRT (n= 32) and PRT (n = 17). With the median follow-up of 3.2 and 1.8 years in the XRT and PRT groups, impairment in 16% to 42% of patients across most neurocognitive domains except executive function was reported. There was no difference in scores between XRT and PRT groups. Regression analyses revealed no association of neurocognitive outcomes with radiation modality.